Absorption dysfunction

Absorption dysfunction (malabsorption) refers to the inability of the intestines to absorb certain nutrients and fluids.

There are many factors causing malabsorption like food allergies, microbiome imbalances, surgeries, autoimmune diseases, and mechanical damages to the intestines from infections or accidents. In many cases, malabsorption is tightly related to intestine diseases.

A significant increase in absorption can lead to nutrient deficiencies. The deficiencies manifest themselves with various symptoms that can be observed. Depending on the type of deficiency, different symptoms occur.

• Protein deficiency - Protein is broken down in the body into amino acids, which are further used to build tissues and muscles. Severe lack of amino acid supply can cause muscle wasting or even atrophy because there is insufficient source to build the muscle tissue.

• Vitamin D deficiency - Active form of Vitamin D promotes optimal calcium absorption from your diet. If the deficiency is severe, low calcium levels in the blood can lead to muscle cramps, one of the signs of rickets.

• Vitamin B complex deficiency - Vitamin B complex is used by the body to produce red blood cells that carry oxygen to all the cells and tissues. Deficiency in these vitamins causes a decrease in red blood cell count, leading to fatigue or even anemia.

• Lipid deficiency - Lipids are involved in many biological processes in your body. For example, fat is an essential part of the structure of the skin cells, and lack of that structure leads to dry skin rashes. Fatty molecules also promote hair growth, so if the body has too little essential fat, it starts to lose hair. Fatty acids are also crucial for the growth and stimulation of immune cells. Thus, lipid deficiency can decrease immunity.

• Carbohydrate deficiency - Carbohydrates are fuel for your brain, muscles, and organs, which are essential for their proper function. In the initial stages of carbohydrate deficiency, your body uses its natural storage of them in the form of glycogen. Conversion of glycogen to glucose (simple carbohydrate) requires water, which, if not supplied constantly, can lead to dehydration and constipation. Not enough carbohydrates will also influence your brain that uses most of it, causing nausea and headache.