Biological circuits

Biological circuits consist of biological parts that perform logical functions, analogous to an electronic circuit. Biological circuit engineering builds upon the basic mechanics of gene expression and regulation. The enormous complexity of biological systems remains a huge challenge that often leads to unpredictable outcomes.

Biological circuit parts are recombinant DNA sequences, which by themselves are simply a piece of code without a function. If circuit parts are transformed into a host organism, this code will be translated into a specific protein with a specific function. Biological circuits are assembled using molecular cloning techniques. Recent research has developed standardized techniques to build circuit libraries that can be efficiently recombined to create novel circuits.