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Codon

The genetic code relates DNA to mRNA and mRNA to the protein. A codon: the three letters of mRNA that encode one amino acid. All possible combinations of the four available base pairs give 64 (43) different codons. With this many possibilities, the codon is redundant but not ambiguous. This means one amino acid can be represented by more than one codon, but a codon can only specify one amino acid. This code specifies the amino acid that will be used to make up a protein.

In the middle, a circle split into 4 sections labelled G U A and C. Each one them can connect to G U A or C. Each one of these can then connect to G U A or C. The amino acids are labelled around the circle indicating which three letter code makes each one. There are three stop black circles that indicate instead of an amino acid they code for a stop. And one sequence A U G codes for Met or M labelled with a black triangle indicating the start codon.

Figure 1: The codons in this figure are mRNA codons, meaning they are complementary and antiparallel to the base sequence in the DNA strand. To read the circular codon table, start from the letter in the center and follow the codon. e.g. UUC is Phe (F).

Referred from:

Article
Protein Synthesis
Article
DNA and RNA template