ELISA plate
The antigen and antibody used in the ELISA method are bound to a solid phase. Tubes and microplates made of rigid polystyrene, polyvinyl, and polypropylene are used as the solid phase.
Proteins and other biomolecules attach to the surface through different mechanisms. The most common one is passive adsorption. Passive adsorption consists primarily of hydrophobic interaction or hydrophobic/ionic interaction between the biomolecules and the surface.
The shape of the well does not affect biomolecule immobilization but can affect the ELISA assay technique.
The absorbance of colorimetric substrate is measured by shining a laser up through the base of each well, so a flat bottomed plate with a clear base is essential. Fluorescent and chemiluminescent detection requires a black or white opaque plate.