Mechanism to Generate iPS

The precise mechanism of gene reprogramming to generate iPS is still vague. Researchers all over the world have tried to unravel the mysteries of iPS. Current hypothesis hold that c-MYC acts first by associating with several histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complexes to facilitate open chromatin conformation. Once the chromatin remodeling occurs, the endogenous pluripotency gene promoter becomes accessible to OCT4 and SOX2. KLF4 will enhance the endogenous gene expression with direct binding to enhance or activate NANOG through p53 repression. In parallel to the upregulation of endogenous pluripotency genes, the lineage-associated genes are silenced.