Hypothesis

The hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon based on observations and existing knowledge. It is the initial building block of the scientific method.

The hypothesis leads to predictions, which can be tested through experiments. These three elements can be combined to state the research hypothesis:

If 'hypothesis', and 'method', then 'prediction'.

Predictions are often written as "If X then Y" statements. X and Y stand for the independent and dependent variables, respectively.