Karyotyping
Karyotyping is a process of pairing and ordering all the chromosomes of an organism, thus providing a genome-wide snapshot of an individual's chromosomes.
Karyotype is an appearance of the chromosomes from a cell. Karyogram is a photograph of the chromosome from a cell, arranged in its 22 homologous pairs plus the two sex chromosomes.
The karyotype is prepared from mitotic cells that have been arrested in the metaphase when the condensed chromosomes are visible. Before we perform the karyotyping, we have to collect the cell samples. The major steps involved are as follows: