Tyrode physiological solution

The Tyrode solution is the liquid where the sample is placed when performing the contraction experiments. This solution is roughly isotonic with the interstitial fluid in the body. It provides all the electrolytes needed, such as phosphate, bicarbonate, magnesium, and calcium, being the latter the most important one as it plays a crucial role in smooth muscle contraction.

In this simulation, the Tyrode solution contains NaCl (134 mM), KCl (2.68 mM), CaCl₂ (1.80 mM), MgCl₂ (1.05 mM), NaH₂PO₄ (417 µM), NaHCO₃ (11.9 mM), and glucose (5.56 mM).

This solution bears the name of its inventor: the American pharmacologist Maurice Vejux Tyrode.