Common units in astronomy, astrophysics, and space science

Astronomical Unit (AU): A distance unit equal to the average distance from the Earth to the Sun. In SI units, it is 1.50·10¹¹ m.

Solar Mass (M_Sun): A mass unit equal to the mass of the Sun. In SI units, it is 1.99·10³⁰ kg.

Earth Mass (M_Earth): A mass unit equal to the mass of the Earth. In SI units, it is 5.97·10²⁴ kg.

Jupiter Mass (M_J): A mass unit equal to the mass of Jupiter. In SI units, it is 1.90·10²⁷ kg.

Day (d): A time unit equal to the time it takes for a planet to complete one revolution around its axis. If no other information is provided, the planet in question is assumed to be Earth.

Year (yr): A time unit equal to the time it takes for a planet to complete one orbit. If no other information is provided, the planet in question is assumed to be Earth.